Effect of Adding Different Combinations of Mineral and Nano Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Traits of Varieties of Wheat Triticum Aesativum L

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the agricultural season 2020-2021, at one of the agricultural fields, in the Al Aboud area of Al-Sudair district, which is 12 km south of the center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, Iraq, to study the effect of different combinations of mineral and nano nitrogen fertilizer on growth traits and yield of three varieties of wheat Triticum aesativum L., the experiment was carried out using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates, the varieties occupied the main plots, which were symbolized by the symbol V1, V2 and V3 for varieties Iraq, Iba 99 and Bohouth 22, while the five fertilizer combinations, which included (N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5), occupied the sub-plots. The results showed different fertilizer combinations in some of the studied traits, the N1 combination gave the highest average in most of the studied traits, such as plant height cm, number of spikes, spike m-2, number of grains per spike, grain spike-1, weight of 1000 grains g, grain yield ton ha-1 and biological yield ton ha-1. While the fertilizer combination N3 excelled in the flag leaf area, which gave the highest average, the combination N5 gave the lowest mean of all the studied traits. The Iraq variety showed superiority in some traits such as the flag leaf area, the number of grains in the spike, and the weight of 1000 grains, Iba 99 variety was superior in plant height and gave the highest average, Bohouth 22 variety outperformed in the number of spikes and gave the highest average, varieties did not show any significant effect on the trait of grain yield and biological yield. As for the interaction, the combination (N2 × Iba 99 variety) recorded the highest average plant height, the combination (N2 × Iraq variety) has the highest average in the flag leaf area, the combination (N3×Iraq variety) was the highest average in the weight of 1000 grains, there was no significant interaction on other traits